Trust No One?
Immaculate Conception
Fr. Michael Fones, OP
Do you remember the poster that hung on the wall in Mulder's office in "the x-files?" It said, "trust no one." You couldn't ask for a better example of one of the consequences of the fall in the garden of Eden.
In Catholic theology, one of the primary effects of the Fall is that all of us humans are plagued with something called 'concupiscence,' which is a short-hand word for "a tendency to sin." It is a word used to describe the fact that we will do things that are contrary to our fundamental spiritual and bodily good. So we'll eat until we're stuffed, we'll endanger a good marriage with a one-night stand, we'll lie to a friend, or swindle our employees of their retirement like an Enron executive.
All of this is explained in the Genesis account of the Fall – one of my favorite passages in all of the Old Testament. Adam and Eve are forbidden to eat from the tree of the knowledge of Good and Evil. In the Hebrew culture, the name of the tree is significant. It's a way of saying the fruit would give knowledge of everything from Good to Evil, or "from A to Z."
"Why is that such a bad thing?" You might ask – Does God want humanity to be ignorant? No, not at all – but let's look more closely at the story to see what the effects of eating the forbidden fruit are.
ONE: God shows up in the garden in the breezy time of the day and begins looking for the man, who is curiously absent. God calls the man and asks, "where are you?" Not because he doesn't know. God's "where are you?" is like my mother asking me when I was a little boy, "who ate all the cookies I put on the cooling rack?" when I was the only one home.
Notice Adam's response, "I was afraid, because I was naked, so I hid myself." There's a lot said in those three phrases that help us understand the effects of the fall that still plague us. "I was afraid, so I hid myself." – Why do we fear someone else? There can be a lot of reasons: because we don't know them; because they might hurt us. Fear is an emotion that's intimately tied to self-protection – it leads to the fight or flight response. Adam apparently no longer trusts God. He has sought knowledge and now trusts that, rather than his experience of God. The temptation of Adam and Eve sowed the seeds of that distrust, as well as planted seeds of pride: "No, you certainly will not die!" the serpent said. Which implies, of course, that God has lied to the man and woman. "No, God knows well that you will be like gods." In other words, you won't need to trust God, you can trust yourself and your newfound knowledge. So the first effect of the fall is to destroy the trust humanity had in God's love and provision.
Adam said, "I was afraid because I was naked." Here's another effect of the fall. With their newfound knowledge, Adam and Eve immediately begin making judgments about themselves and each other. Suddenly, there's a part of them that somehow must be hidden – that part of themselves that expresses their deepest intimacy as well as allows them to be co-creators with God. Although they are the part of God's creation that God Himself declared very good, they have decided otherwise.
Here, then, are the twin sources of concupiscence. First, we no longer trust God, and so have to trust ourselves. This leads us to seek after material things to provide our security. And so Jesus chides his disciples, "do not worry about what you are to eat, what you are to drink, what you are to wear – Your Father in heaven knows you need these things."
Secondly, from our knowledge, which is imperfect and limited, we make all kinds of judgments about ourselves and others. In fact, the more ignorant we are, the more likely we are to make judgments. Consider, for example, all the judgments we might have made about Muslims, when I bet few of us know even one! Consider how often we attribute motives to people's actions, as though we could read their minds! How often we hear a part of a conversation and judge as though we've heard everything in its context! Consider how often we are either caught up with delusions of grandeur, or despair of ever amounting to anything!
When Adam and Eve ate from the wrong tree, they began to make all kinds of judgments: This is evil, but this is good. When we do this we do act like God, but without having the complete and intimate knowledge of the one we're judging; so often our judgments are wrong – just prejudice, malice, gossip, or hearsay.
TWO. What's great about the story of its fall is its insight into fallen human behavior. When confronted with their sin, Adam and Eve attempt to hide it by blaming someone else: Eve blames the serpent (I was tricked! It wasn't fair! – what a whiner she's become). Of course, she blames the serpent because Adam beat her to the punch and blamed her first; but Adam doesn't just blame Eve. He says to God, "the woman, whom You put here, gave me the fruit, and I ate."
I sometimes think Satan is a one-trick pony – his temptation is always the same: undermining our trust in God. Once that's accomplished, we'll do the rest as a matter of course.
This Feast of the Immaculate Conception celebrates a kind of Divine "do-over." God the Father – who has always known how things are going to turn out - chooses to apply the effects of His Son's obedient suffering and death to Mary, whom He knows will agree to be Jesus' Mother, from the beginning of her life in Ann's womb. This playing fast and loose with the space/time continuum may sound like something from an episode of the X-files, but it's part of what God can do. This encounter with the angel Gabriel is Mary's moment of trial. Is it any wonder that Gabriel tells Mary, "Do not be afraid"? Fear undermines our ability to trust. Through Gabriel, Mary is asked if she will continue to trust God. Will she accept an unexpected – and quite unique – pregnancy? This was an issue of life and death. As a virgin betrothed to Joseph, how would she explain this to him? It would have been within his right to expose her to the law and have her stoned to death as an adulteress. Gabriel says, "don't be afraid," but he gave her plenty reason to be afraid. Mary also had to trust a preposterous claim Gabriel made: This son of hers "will be great and will be called Son of the Most High, and the Lord God will give him the throne of David his father, and he will rule over the house of Jacob forever, and of his Kingdom there will be no end."
Pretty lofty claims, considering Mary was poor, living in a land conquered by the world's most efficient and brutal army, with no end in sight to their servitude. Yet God would ask her to trust that promise not only once, but when her son was missing after the annual pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and when he left home to begin his ministry with no money or home, and when he was ridiculed by the religious leaders, and crucified like a criminal. Our fate, and the fate of the whole world – all who've ever lived – rested upon Mary's free response to that invitation. Like Eve, she had the choice to trust God, or not. She chose to trust God, and her trust began to undo the effects of sin in the world.
We are asked to trust God, too – but we have a lot more information. If we truly believe in the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, we know that we need not fear death; not if we belong to him. We can see the depth of the Father's love for us every time we look at the cross; for Jesus himself tells us, "the Father and I are one." St. Paul gives us more reason to trust God. "In love God destined us for adoption to himself through Jesus Christ.
In [Christ] we were also chosen,
destined in accord with the purpose of the One
who accomplishes all things according to the intention of his will..."
We have been adopted by God through Jesus. Each one of us is chosen, with a purpose destined for us by this loving God. All that is asked of us is that we trust the Father enough to do His will, as modeled and taught by his son, Jesus – and He even shares with us the Holy Spirit, to make this possible for us whose trust is still damaged by original sin. If we trust we'll do his will, even when, like Mary, we don't see how it makes sense. We'll trust that somehow His will is best for us, even when it seems to lead to pain or even death.
Every step of the way, we are faced with the basic choice – to do what we think will benefit us, to respond in fear, or to trust. If we choose to trust God, we will feed the hungry, clothe the naked, tell the truth, educate the ignorant, welcome the immigrant, withhold judgments, and look to the Scriptures and the Church's teaching for guidance. Every step of the way the Tempter is there whispering to us, "Be afraid! Trust no one!" But with the power of the Holy Spirit and grace, we can take the next step in spite of our fear, in spite of our doubts, in spite of what everyone else may be doing.
And when that happens, look out! You never know where God will take you – or what great things He'll do with you. Just ask Mary.